At room temperature, deformation-induced martensite was produced in both tensile, bending and rolling conditions, and the content of stainless steel increased with the increase of cold working deformation. A lot of experiments show that the deformed layers, deformed twins and strain-induced martensite appear in different degree during the deformation process of the seamless tube, and dislocation plugged and dislocated cellular structure are formed near the grain boundary and annealing twin. These deformed microstructures contribute to work hardening. Seamless solution for the main purpose is to eliminate the material to reduce stress and hardness, improve the formability of stainless steel seamless pipe. The hardness after treatment is too high that the softening effect is poor, the residual stress is not fully released, because the residual stress caused by lattice distortion will also change the hardness value. It is due to the presence of residual stress, resulting in stainless steel tube flaring easy to stress concentration where the cracks, thus affecting the flaring performance. As the grain boundaries and grain boundaries on both sides of the grain orientation difference, increasing the resistance of dislocation slip in the crystal, so the main role of grain boundary is to impede dislocation movement. The finer the grains, the more the grain boundaries, the greater the resistance to dislocation slip, the higher the yield strength of the steel, the formation of grain boundary strengthening, resulting in work hardening; so the smaller the grain in the flaring The more prone to work hardening.

The wooden houses are the once which are loved by everyone, because they are cool and looks super exciting, but there are several problem comes in constructing and taking care of that kind of home. The problems are water- which can result in rotten walls, sun- which can burn, other than that it has less life than a cemented house. Still it is the most loved construction among other, so here is a base through which you can give long and strength full life to the wooden house. It is a seamless pipe which can cure the wooden house from the effect of water and keep it away from other sewage problem. SMLS pipes are the widest range, which can be used for the construction and mining purposes. It comes up to 1 to 24'' inch which have the solution of each and every issue of blocking of water in wooden house. For example, a wooden house may need SMLS pipe in order to make the wetness of the water away. These pipes are used in high and low temperature range. It is prepared according to ASTM and API in the complete schedule series. Its strength is up to 1000 ksi. Manufacturing process It is prepared through the electric resistance welding, fusion welding, double submerged arc welding and seamless pipe manufacturing. Its manufacturing starts with the transformation of raw material into steel bar. After that it is put in different types of rolling mills, then the bars are use to form the solid round shape called billet, which is heated, pushed and pierced to produce hollow tube or shell. Just because of the heating process, seamless pipes are concluded to have consistent steel pattern. Uses in other industries Seamless tubes are the star of high pressure gas and fluid industry, oil and petrochemical industries, power industries. It is a product of steel which is a non-reactive thing, whether it comes in contact of any chemical, it is a safest medium to transfer and dispense the chemicals, water and oil to another tank for further process. It has several uses in manufacturing units as well as in mining rather than that the water supply in various areas is also done with the help of these pipes who are versatile to use in any condition and pursue long life. I hope the readers will get the versatility of the SMLS pipes, because it can be used in various industries from wooden house to manufacturing units. It has the wide range of pipes for different purposes. 

The task of the straightening process is to eliminate the bending of the pipe produced during rolling, transportation, cooling and heat treatment, and also to reduce the ellipticity of the pipe. First, the type of steel pipe straightening machine and application Straightening of the steel used for mechanical (or hydraulic) pressure straightening machine, inclined roller straightening machine and tension straightening machine several forms. Pressure straightening machine is simple, suitable for diameter 38 ~ 600mm, bending degree of 50mm / m above the steel straightening. It is low productivity, the need for artificial auxiliary operation, straightening quality is not high, and more for the straight pipe and pipe straightening. Currently widely used is the inclined roller straightening machine. As the straightening roll is placed obliquely. So the steel pipe in the straightening process for the spiral movement, can make the steel pipe in the straightening roller repeated several times longitudinal bending, the results can be used for a few straightening roller to complete symmetrical straightening of steel pipe. The advantages of inclined roller straightening machine are: (1) Since the straightening process is continuous, it has a high productivity, and can achieve on-line straightening; (2) As the straightening roller up and down spacing adjustable, in addition to ensuring the straightening accuracy of steel, but also reduce the oval tube; (3) As the straightening roller has a special roller-shaped curve, which ensures that the steel pipe and roller have a corresponding contact area, which can ensure the straightening quality of steel pipe.

Small-caliber cold drawn seamless steel pipe is a hollow cross-section, there is no seam around the round, square, rectangular steel. Seamless steel pipe is made of steel ingots or solid tube through the perforation of the capillary, and then by hot-rolled, cold-rolled or cold dial made. Seamless steel pipe with hollow cross-section, a large number of pipes for the transmission of fluid, steel and round steel and other solid steel compared to the same bending strength, when the weight is light, is an economic section steel, widely used in manufacturing structures And mechanical parts, such as oil drill pipe, drive shafts, bicycle frames and steel scaffolding used in construction. Anaerobic bright annealing is in the anaerobic furnace, usually in the nitrogen environment, heating, cooling, baked at 300 degrees, so to maintain the original color of the annealing process. Anaerobic annealing, the steel surface without oxide. Carbon dioxide annealing. There are great benefits, can reduce the appearance of heavy skin, so that the appearance of the tube looks more beautiful. Can save waste. Annealing is a metal heat treatment process, refers to the metal slowly heated to a certain temperature, Time, and then cooling at the appropriate speed. The purpose is to reduce the hardness, improve the cutting processability; eliminate residual stress, stable size, reduce the tendency of deformation and crack; grain refinement, adjust the organization, eliminate tissue defects. Precisely, the annealing is a heat treatment of materials, including metal materials, non-metallic materials. And the annealing of new materials with the purpose of the traditional metal annealing similarities and differences.

From the eddy current principle can be seen eddy current detection has the following characteristics: (1) Eddy current testing is only applicable to conductive materials, if it is non-conductive material, can not sense the eddy-shaped current, it can not use eddy current testing. (2) Eddy current testing is particularly applicable to the conductive material surface and near surface detection. (3) Eddy current testing does not require coupling agent. The electromagnetic field excited by the eddy current detection is only an electromagnetic wave. It has the property of fluctuation and particle, so the probe (coil) and the workpiece can be transmitted without coupling, so the non-contact detection can be carried out. This is superior to ultrasonic testing. Because ultrasound is a mechanical wave, can only spread in the material. Therefore, ultrasonic testing must be between the probe and the workpiece by adding coupling agent. (4) Eddy current testing can achieve rapid and automated testing. (5) Eddy current testing can be applied to the detection of high-temperature metal, because the metal at high temperature with conductivity. (6) Eddy current testing is also applicable to the detection of profiled material, as long as the coil can be made into a variety of shapes can be detected.